Наукові праці дослідників університету

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Apoptosis of mesothelial cells is associated with the pattern of peritoneal metastases in ovarian cancer
(2025) Maksin, Konstantin; Nadolna, Magdalena; Wozniak, Mateusz; Bocharova, Tetiana; Jasinski, Piotr; Nowicki, Michal; Nowak-Markwitz, Ewa; Szubert, Sebastian
Peritoneal carcinomatosis is the leading cause of death in advanced ovarian cancer (AOC). Mesothelial cells lining the peritoneum modulate tumor implantation, yet the role of their apoptosis in metastasis development remains unclear. This study investigated the relationship between mesothelial cell apoptosis and metastatic spread in ovarian cancer (OC). Methods: The study included 26 patients with AOC, 11 with early-stage OC (EOC), and 13 healthy controls. Apoptotic activity in parietal peritoneal wall and omental mesothelial cells was assessed using the TUNEL technique. Metastases were classified as pushing or infiltrating. Associations with the peritoneal cancer index (PCI), BRCA mutation, and homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) status were analyzed. Results: Mesothelial cells adjacent to AOC metastases exhibited significantly higher apoptotic activity compared to controls (p < 0.05). Apoptosis was greater near infiltrating metastases than near pushing ones in both parietal (p < 0.01) and omental (p = 0.04) sites. The infiltration pattern was consistent between omental and parietal metastases (R = 0.588, p < 0.01). No significant differences in apoptosis were found between EOC and healthy controls, or in tumor and stromal cells between invasion types. Mesothelial apoptosis was independent of PCI, BRCA mutation, and HRD status. Conclusions: Our study suggests that mesothelial cell apoptosis may be associated with peritoneal spread in OC. Mesothelial cell apoptosis is more pronounced near infiltrative-type lesions, independent of BRCA/HRD status. These findings highlight mesothelial apoptosis as a relevant process in peritoneal dissemination. Further studies are needed to clarify its role in ovarian cancer progression.
Biological Aspects of Actovegin’s Action
(2025) Nikolchenko, A.Yu.; Tynynyka, L.M.; Kudryavtseva, T.O.
Actovegin is a protein-free hemodialysate derived from calf blood, containing low-molecular-weight peptides, nucleotides, oligosaccharides, and metabolic intermediates with molecular weights below 5 kDa. The present article analyzes the biological mechanisms underlying Actovegin’s pharmacological action, with a focus on its insulin-like effects and metabolic activity. Experimental studies demonstrate that Actovegin enhances cellular uptake and utilization of glucose and oxygen, stimulates pyruvate dehydrogenase activity, and improves aerobic energy metabolism without interacting with insulin receptors. Its action occurs at the post-receptor level, making it effective even under conditions of insulin resistance. Particular attention is paid to the role of oligosaccharides as secondary signaling molecules involved in lipogenesis and glucose transport modulation. Actovegin has been shown to improve cellular energy status during hypoxia and ischemia, enhance wound healing, and support tissue regeneration in peripheral arterial disease, diabetes-related complications, cerebral ischemia, and musculoskeletal injuries. In addition, angioprotective, cytoprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties contribute to its clinical efficacy. The reviewed data support the broad therapeutic potential of Actovegin in conditions associated with impaired metabolism, hypoxia, and microcirculatory disorders.
Conceptual and theoretical exploration of treatment of patients with onychomycosis
(2025) Chekhovska, G.S.; Pustova, N.O,; Chaplyk-Chyzho, I.O,; Kachailo, I.A.; Sypalo, A.O,; Gradil, G.I.; Lytvynenko, M.V.; Lobashova, K.G.; Piriatinska, N.E.; Kudriavtseva, T.O.; Gargin, V.V.
Objective: To optimize medical care for patients with onychomycosis by adding agents that improve nail plate structure to systemic antifungal therapy. Materials and methods: The study included 147 patients aged 23–79 years with various forms of onychomycosis of hands and feet. Patients were randomized into a main group receiving a systemic antifungal drug plus a biotin-containing agent aimed at improving nail plate structure and regrowth, and a control group receiving systemic antifungal therapy only. Diagnostic assessment included microscopy of nail fragments, culture, PCR, epiluminescence surface microscopy, dermatoscopy, and calculation of a nail plate damage index. Results: Combined therapy increased nail plate growth rate 1.4-fold compared with control (0.77±0.02 cm vs 0.53±0.03 cm). Conclusions: A comprehensive approach combining antifungal treatment with nail-structure–supporting agents provides mycological elimination and better clinical outcomes, achieving mycological remission at 10–12 weeks in 89.1% of patients, which is 19.5% higher than with traditional treatment. Restoration of normal nail plate structure was achieved in 96.8% of patients (vs 81.5% in controls).
Determination of aspergillosis of the female genital organs in women with immunodeficiency
(Kharkiv National Medical University, 2023) Lytvynenko, M.V.; Bondarenko, A.V.; Bondarenko, O.V.; Gargin, V.V.; Katsap, O.V.
Background. Morphological diagnosis of aspergillosis sometimes poses great difficulties due to the fact that molds of the genus Aspergillus are very sensitive to the use of antimicrobial therapy and change under its influence. In this regard, we provide information about aspergillosis of the female genital organs, discovered accidentally during an autopsy. The purpose of the study is to conduct a complex pathomorphological analysis of biopsy, operative and sectional gynecological material of women with secondary immunodeficiency conditions, for early diagnosis of aspergillosis (which is the key to a favorable outcome of the disease), differential diagnosis and detection of invasive forms of aspergillosis. Materials & Methods. We analyzed the autopsies of 4,796 women who died in Odesa region from 2009 to 2022. Autopsies revealed 7 cases of aspergillosis with damage to the female reproductive system. All of them were found in women who had confirmed HIV infection. In 5 cases, women additionally suffered from chronic alcoholism. Results. Based on the results of these cases, it can be stated that the detection of characteristic mycelium in the preparations is a reliable sign of aspergillosis, but their absence does not deny this disease. Aspergillus hyphae change as the process develops: they can be weakly stained, and with dystrophic phenomena and the presence of necrotic fragments of mycelium, it can be almost colorless when using hematoxylin and eosin. While necrosis, tissue detritus is observed in the center of the granuloma, fibrous structures, fungal hyphae are formed perifocally. To confirm the diagnosis, it is important to detect granulomatous productive inflammation, conidial heads, inflammatory infiltration, microabscesses, foci of calcifications. However, against the background of immunodeficiency, it is not always possible to see the "classic morphological picture" of aspergillosis. In addition, detection of characteristic mycelium is possible only in a proportion of patients. Conclusions. When examining the autopsy material of deceased women with immunodeficiency states, attention should be paid to the specific etiology of inflammatory processes of the reproductive system and the nature of the inflammatory process, the presence of Aspergillus hyphae and mycelia. The presence of morphological changes characteristic of aspergillosis allows to conduct a diagnostic search in the right direction. Detection of an invasive form of aspergillosis may indicate the presence of an immunodeficient state.
Economic and energy efficiency of growing Camelina sativa under conditions of precarpathians of Ukraine
(Andrew Novikoff (Andriy Novikov) State Natural History Museum NASU, 2022) Hryhoriv, Yaroslava; Григорів, Ярослава Ярославівна; Butenko, Andrii; Бутенко, Андрій Олександрович; Trotsenko, Volodymyr; Троценко, Володимир Іванович; Onychko, Viktor; Оничко, Віктор Іванович; Kriuchko, Liudmyla; Крючко, Людмила Василівна; Hotvianska, Anna; Готвянська, Анна Сергіївна; Bordun, Roman; Бордун, Роман Миколайович; Tymchuk, Dmytro; Тимчук, Дмитро Сергійович; Bondarenko, Oksana; Бондаренко, Оксана Володимирівна; Nozdrina, Nataliia; Ноздріна, Наталія Леонідівна
The Article presents the results of research conducted during 2018-2021 in a field experiment on sod-podzolic soils on studying efficiency of different fertilization variants on productivity of Camelina sativa L. and, accordingly, economic and energy efficiency of growing this crop. Dependence of productivity and yielding capacity elements on application of mineral fertilizers has been revealed. It was found that application of mineral fertilizers had a significant impact on productivity of Camelina sativa L. seeds and the index of prime cost and profitability of Camelina sativa L. seeds accordingly. Depending on the studied elements in the technology of growing little-known in Ukraine crop of Camelina sativa L., the main indices of economic and energy efficiency were determined. It was found that optimization of plant nutrition, regardless of cultivation cost increase, provided increase of conditionally net profit and profitability level. This was facilitated by foliar fertilization with modern regulators of growth and complex micro-fertilizers in critical periods of the crop vegetation. Depending on the variant of experiment, conditionally net profit on average for the years of cultivation ranged from 14.899 UAH to 21.719 UAH/ha, and the level of profitability - from 172.8% to 197.4%. Under influence of the studied factors, energy consumption of the yield, on the contrary, decreased compared to the control, which indicates expediency of different fertilization of plants in main periods of vegetation with the studied fertilizers and micro-fertilizers. У статті наведено результати досліджень, проведених протягом 2018-2021 років у польовому досліді на дерново-підзолистих ґрунтах з вивчення ефективності різних варіантів удобрення на продуктивність Camelina sativa L. та, відповідно, економічну та енергетичну ефективність вирощування цієї культури. Виявлено залежність елементів продуктивності та врожайності від внесення мінеральних добрив. Встановлено, що внесення мінеральних добрив суттєво вплинуло на продуктивність насіння Camelina sativa L. та відповідно на показник собівартості та рентабельності насіння Camelina sativa L. Залежно від вивчених елементів у технології вирощування маловідомої в Україні культури Camelina sativa L. визначено основні показники економічної та енергетичної ефективності. Встановлено, що оптимізація живлення рослин, незалежно від збільшення собівартості вирощування, забезпечила підвищення умовно чистого прибутку та рівня рентабельності. Цьому сприяли позакореневе підживлення сучасними регуляторами росту та комплексними мікродобривами в критичні періоди вегетації культури. Залежно від варіанту досліду умовно чистий прибуток у середньому за роки вирощування становив від 14.899 грн. до 21.719 грн./га, а рівень рентабельності – від 172,8% до 197,4%. Під впливом досліджуваних факторів енерговитратність урожаю, навпаки, знизилася порівняно з контролем, що свідчить про доцільність різного підживлення рослин в основні періоди вегетації досліджуваними добривами та мікродобривами.
Economic and energy efficiency of growing legume grasses
(Andrew Novikoff (Andriy Novikov) State Natural History Museum NASU, 2022) Karbivska, Uliana; Kovalenko, Ihor; Onopriienko, Volodymyr; Onychko, Tetiana; Radchenko, Mykola; Pshychenko, Olena; Tykhonova, Olena; Vereshchahin, Ihor; Bordun, Roman; Tymchuk, Dmytro; Карбівська, Уляна; Коваленко, Ігор; Онопрієнко, Володимир; Оничко, Тетяна; Радченко, Микола; Пшиченко, Олена; Тихонова, Олена; Верещагін, Ігор; Бордун, Роман; Тимчук, Дмитро
The article deals with the issues of economic and energy efficiency of growing legumes. It has been established that among the perennial leguminous grasses on all backgrounds of fertilizers, the best indicators of economic and energy efficiency were obtained when growing the Lotus horned, and the worst - the bluegrass. Other studied species, namely Trifolium pratense and Trifolium hybridum, occupied an intermediate place in these indicators. Among fertilizer options, the best indicators of economic efficiency are given by the application of mineral fertilizers at a dose of P60K60. У статті розглянуто питання економічної та енергетичної ефективності вирощування бобових трав. Встановлено, що серед багаторічних бобових трав на всіх фонах добрив найкращі показники економічної та енергетичної ефективності отримані при вирощуванні лядвенця рогатого, а найгірші – тонконіг лучний. Інші досліджені види, а саме Trifolium pratense та Trifolium hybridum, займали за цими показниками проміжне місце. Серед варіантів добрив найкращі показники економічної ефективності дає внесення мінеральних добрив дозі Р60К60.
Experience in introducing interdisciplinary pedagogical integration in international medical university
(Громадська організація «Всеукраїнська асамблея докторів наук з державного управління», 2022) Shiyan, Denys Mykolayovych; Шиян, Денис Миколайович; Tsodicova, Olha Anatoliyivna; Davydova, Zhanna Vadymivna; Gyrya, Maryna Pavlivna; Zherebkin VadymVasylʹovych; Жеребкін, Вадим Васильович; Цодікова, Ольга Анатоліївна; Гиря, Марина Павлівна; Давидова, Жанна Вадимівна
Functional state of mononuclear phagocytes in patients with multiple sclerosis carrying disease-associated HLA-DR polymorphism
(2025) Koliada, O.M.; Tynynyka, L.M.,; Koliada, T.I.; Minukhin, V.V.; Nikolchenko, A.Y.; Taran, A.V.; Minukhina, D.V.
One of the key factors in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis, which can affect the risk of its development, clinical manifestations and the nature of the course, is considered to be the polymorphism of disease-associated genes. The identification of genetic biomarkers in multiple sclerosis is the subject of current research in Europe, Asia, as well as in the United States and Canada, which are united in the International Multiple Sclerosis Genetics Consortium (IMSGC). The study included 137 patients with relapsing-remitting disease with haplotype AG, n = 137, and haplotype AA, n = 47; a group of patients with progressive multiple sclerosis with haplotype AG, n = 141, and haplotype AA, n = 17. Determination of the relative content of CD80, CD86 and PD-L1 positive peripheral blood monocytes was performed by immunofluorescence using PE-labeled monoclonal antibodies against CD14, FITC-labeled monoclonal antibodies against CD80, PE-Cy7-labeled monoclonal antibodies against CD86 and APC-labeled monoclonal antibodies against PD-L1 produced by EXBIO Praha, a. s. (Czech Republic). The content of cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-12, IL-10) in the supernatant of mononuclear macrophages was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). According to the results of the study, a method was proposed for identifying a genetic risk group for the development of multiple sclerosis by determining the SNP rs9271366 (AG) of the HLA-DRB1*1501-DQB1*0602 haplotype in individuals from the northeastern region of Ukraine . The minor allele was most often detected among patients with progressive PMS (89.2% vs. 10.8%), while among patients with relapsing-remitting disease the G allele was detected in 74.5% vs. 25.5%. The article deals with the antigen-presenting and cytokinesis properties of mononuclear phagocytes of patients with different types of multiple sclerosis depending on the presence of the disease-associated HLA-DR polymorphism. The level of CD86 expression was increased in all patients carrying the disease-associated allele, and the level of CD80 expression was increased only in heterozygous patients with progressive multiple sclerosis. The expression of PD-L1 molecules in patients with the disease-associated polymorphism was lower compared with both patients homozygous for the A-allele and the control group. The level of synthesis of cytokines IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-12 in the supernatant of mononuclear macrophages of patients with progressive multiple sclerosis with the AG haplotype was more pronounced than in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis with a disease-associated polymorphism with the AG haplotype, indicating the influence of genetic inheritance on the level of cytokine expression. It was found that the level of IL-10 in the supernatant of mononuclear macr o phages of patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis with the AG haplotype indicates a less pronounced effect of this interleukin on the compensation of proinflammatory imbalance.
General characteristic of the didactic system of information competence formation for medical students in the educational environment of university
(Дрогобицький державний педагогічний університет імені Івана Франка, 2022) Davydova, Zhanna; Lisova, Mariia
The article considers some conceptual and categorical aspects of the development of the didactic system of information competence formation for medical students in the educational environment of university. It is noted that there is no single approach to definition, development and content of the components of a didactic system. It’s noted that a didactic system can be attributed to simple, artificially created; open, probabilistic systems, as well as one that is a set of hierarchically related components. Several models of the developed didactic systems are analyzed. Ideas of scientists became the theoretical basis for the development and scientific substantiation of the author’s pedagogical system of formation of information competence of medical students in the educational environment of the university, consisting of the following blocks: predictive and targetive, containing the purpose and objectives of the system; conceptual and methodological, which includes the concept of research and defines scientific and methodological approaches of research, properties, functions and principles of formation of information competence of students of medical specialties; theoretical and content-oriented, which integrates the structural components of information competence of medical students; activity-procedural, containing three stages of formation of information competence of students of medical specialties, pedagogical conditions, methods, forms, means that ensure the success of this process; resultful and evaluation-oriented, which reflects the criterion-diagnostic base of the study: criteria, levels of information competence of students of medical specialties, appropriate diagnostic tools, special diagnostic methods, as well as the expected result of the implementation of the developed system.
Information competence formation in international medical students: motivation-targetive criterion
(Видавничий дім «Гельветика», 2023-12) Davydova, Zhanna
The article is devoted to the problem of information competence formation in international medical students. Results of practical implementation of the didactic system is presented in the context of motivation-targetive criterion. The indicators of the level of information competence are deﬁned which include cognitive interest in information activity, attitude to acquiring information competence; awareness of the role of information competence in the professional activity of a doctor; awareness of the need for lifelong learning; desire to perceive new information. The incoming level of information competence by motivation-targetive criteria is diagnosed. Diagnostic methods are selected which include observations, questionnaires, interviews and a number of test methods. Stimulation methods and forms of work used to motivate foreign medical students to form informational competence are presented. In particular, discussions, lectures, seminars on relevant topics were held for future medical workers. Foreign students were also encouraged to use critical thinking techniques, the eﬀectiveness of which clearly proved the need to critically analyze any information when making subjective decisions. The training course “Introduction to the specialty” was presented as a tool for motivation improvement in the context of information competence formation. It enables the students to better understand the speciﬁcs of the future professional activity and the peculiarities of the educational process at a Ukrainian university, the role and place of informational competence in the professional competence of a doctor, and as a result – to stimulate the development of foreign students' conscious interest in the specialty based on obtaining information about the activities of a modern doctor and medical work as a speciﬁc type of professional activity, to ensure the further development of motivation for mastering information competence. Generalized data of the experiment regarding the levels of formation of information competence of medical students according to the motivation-targetive criterion is presented. It demonstrated considerable improvement in the experimental group and very low in the control group. Стаття присвячена проблемі формування інформаційної компетентності у іноземних студентів-медиків. Результати практичного впровадження дидактичної системи представлено в розрізі мотиваційно-цільових критеріїв. Визначено показники рівня інформаційної компетентності, які включають пізнавальний інтерес до інформаційної діяльності, ставлення до набуття інформаційної компетентності; усвідомлення ролі інформаційної компетентності у професійній діяльності лікаря; усвідомлення необхідності навчання впродовж життя; бажання сприймати нову інформацію. Діагностовано вхідний рівень інформаційної компетентності за мотиваційно-цільовим критерієм. Вибрані діагностичні методи, які включають спостереження, анкетування, інтерв'ювання та ряд тестових методів. Представлено методи стимулювання та форми роботи, які використовуються для мотивації іноземних студентів-медиків до формування інформаційної компетентності. Зокрема, для майбутніх медичних працівників були проведені дискусії, лекції, семінари на відповідну тематику. Іноземних студентів також заохочували до використання технік критичного мислення, ефективність яких наочно довела необхідність критично аналізувати будь-яку інформацію під час прийняття суб’єктивних рішень. Як засіб підвищення мотивації в контексті формування інформаційної компетентності було представлено навчальний курс “Вступ до спеціальності». Він дає змогу студентам краще зрозуміти специфіку майбутньої професійної діяльності та особливості навчального процесу в українському ЗВО, роль і місце інформаційної компетентності у професійній компетентності лікаря, і як наслідок – стимулювати розвиток формування свідомого інтересу іноземних студентів до спеціальності на основі отримання інформації про діяльність сучасного лікаря та лікувальну справу як специфічний вид професійної діяльності, забезпечити подальший розвиток мотивації до оволодіння інформаційною компетентністю. Наведено узагальнені дані експерименту щодо рівнів сформованості інформаційної компетентності студентів-медиків за мотиваційно-цільовим критерієм. Він продемонстрував значне покращення в експериментальній групі та дуже низьке у контрольній групі.
Information Competence Formation in International Medical Students: Theory and Practice:
(PIHE “Kharkiv International Medical University”, 2022) Davydova, Zhanna
The monograph considers the problem of information competence formation in international medical students. The essence, structure and content of information competence is disclosed; specific character of medical training of international students is discovered. The methodological foundations of the problem of information competence formation in international medical students are determined at the general scientific, specifically scientific and technological levels. The didactic system of information competence formation in international medical students is theoretically substantinated, its structural units are characterized. Recommended for students, researchers, higher education lecturers and also all interested in the problem of international medical students training.
Information technologies as a means of overcoming social-cultural barriers in the process of international students training
(Universidad de Carabobo, Venezuela, 2022) Subota, Larysa; Kravchuk, Oksana; Davydova, Zhanna; Tverezovska, Nina
The intensification of the development of digital technologies and their introduction into educational activities has necessitated the use of digital technologies in the educational process of higher educational institutions in order to overcome language barriers in the provision of educational services to foreign students. The purpose of the research lies in identifying the main problematic aspects and prospects for the application of digitalization as a means of overcoming language barriers in the education of foreign students. The methodological base of the academic paper consists of the following methods of scientific research, namely: the method of theoretical analysis and synthesis, analysis and scientific abstraction, comparison and analogy, grouping and cluster analysis based on the kmeans method, generalization and systematization. The results of the conducted research have made it possible to establish that overcoming language barriers in the education of foreign students significantly depends on the level of digitalization of the society and the system of higher education. Intensification of the use of digitalization as a means of overcoming language barriers in teaching foreign students will make it possible to minimize the level of language barriers and ensure the improvement of the quality of the educational process in the online environment through applying digital technologies, as well as create favourable conditions for conducting a simple and understandable language for foreign students.
Innovative approaches to learning and teaching in Ukrainian higher education
(Brazilian Journal of Education, Technology and Society (BRAJETS), 2024-03-28) Nikitchenko, Liliya; Davydova, Zhanna; Krylova, Vselena; Samborska, Olena; Arkushyna, Hanna
In response to the evolving education, this research investigates innovative approaches to learning and teaching within Ukrainian higher education. The objective of this research is to compile and evaluate a range of innovative approaches utilized in higher education. This research adopts a qualitative methodology that grounded in a comprehensive analysis of extant literature. The findings of the research reveal a rich tapestry of innovative approaches within Ukrainian higher education. Synthesizing diverse insights, the study illuminates the interplay between student-centered technology integration, cross-disciplinary collaboration, and competency-based education. This research concludes by highlighting the significance of innovative approaches in education. The identified practices contribute to a more dynamic and effective learning environment, aligning educational practices with trends. The study underscores the adaptability and resilience of Ukrainian higher education institutions in embracing innovative pedagogies.
Mетаболічні імунодефіцити та їх корекція за допомогою ЛРС
(2025) Товстуха, І.А.; Бризицька, О.А.
Метаболічні порушення – цукровий діабет, ожиріння та метаболічний синдром – можуть спричиняти вторинні імунодефіцитні стани, що підвищують сприйнятливість до інфекцій і ускладнюють перебіг основного захворювання. Метою роботи було проаналізувати умови виникнення метаболічних імунодефіцитів, визначити лікарські засоби рослинного походження, що застосовуються для їх корекції, та запропонувати рослинну композицію з потенційно позитивним впливом. Проведено огляд наукової літератури та інтернет-джерел із використанням методів аналізу, синтезу, порівняння й узагальнення. Розглянуто основні механізми імунодефіциту при метаболічних розладах, зокрема порушення обміну речовин і гормональний дисбаланс, а також клінічні прояви – часті інфекції, повільне загоєння ран, підвищений ризик ускладнень. Наведено приклади лікарських рослин і форм, що використовуються в практиці для підтримки метаболічних процесів і потенційної імунокорекції
Peculiarities of immune status in the presence of secondary immunodeficiency of infectious and non-infectious origin in women of reproductive age
(Georgian Med News, 2023) Lytvynenko, M.V.; Antonenko, P.B.; Lobashova, K.G.; Kashchenko O.A.; Bondarenko A.V.; Bondarenko O.V.; Gargin V.V.
The design of studies on the immune system does not have gender peculiarities, but the information about the higher frequency of pathology of the female reproductive system in the presence of immunodeficiency condition determines the purpose of this study, namely, to identify the features of immune status in the presence of secondary immunodeficiency of infectious (i.e., HIV infection, AIDS stage) and non-infectious origin (alcohol dependence syndrome) and their combination in women of reproductive age. The material for the study of cellular and humoral immunity was a lymphocyte suspension obtained by centrifugation of peripheral blood (taken within 12 hours after death) in women of reproductive age with HIV infection (AIDS stage), alcohol dependence syndrome and their combination. Immunological examination included the determination of quantitative indicators of cellular immunity using monoclonal antibodies: T-lymphocytes (CD3) and their main subpopulations of T-helper cells (CD4), cytotoxic lymphocytes (CD8), CD4/CD8 immunoregulatory index; as well as indicators of humoral immunity: B-lymphocytes (CD19) and immunoglobulins of the main classes (IgA, IgG, IgM). Additionally, interleukins IL-6 and IL-10 were studied to determine the parameters of the cytokine profile. The study indicates that the number of leukocytes and lymphocytes in the group of deceased women with alcohol dependence syndrome was 3.6±0.38x109/l and 0.82±0.35x109/l; in deceased women with HIV/AIDS, these indicators were reduced - 2.9±0.03x109/l and 0.39±0.04x109/l, respectively; and in deceased women with combined pathology (AIDS and alcohol dependence syndrome), they were reduced even more intensively - 2.7±0.04x109/l and 0.35±0.06x109/l (p<0.01). Compared to the control group - 5.22±0.4x109/l and 1.73±0.21x109/l - the number of leukocytes and lymphocytes was reduced in all study groups. In the group of deceased women with alcohol dependence syndrome, significant impairments in the proliferative activity of T-lymphocytes (CD3) and their subpopulation (CD4), as well as B lymphocytes (CD19) and natural killer cells (CD16) were found compared to the group of healthy individuals. Thus, in the control group, the percentage, and absolute values of CD3 were 60.37±4.2% and 1.04±0.05×106/l, and in women suffering from chronic alcoholism, they were statistically significantly lower - 49.1±3.1% and 0.42±0.08×106/l, respectively, p<0.01. The same tendency was found when comparing the values of T-helper cells (CD4) in the control group (44.2±2.9% and 0.76±0.13×106/l) and in deceased patients suffering from chronic alcoholism (33.7±4.6% and 0.28±0.23×106/l), p<0.01. Secondary immunodeficiencies of infectious and non-infectious origin in women (in particular, those formed in HIV/AIDS, alcohol dependence syndrome and their combination) are characterized by negative changes in the cellular and humoral components of the immune system, as evidenced by the presence of transient immunodeficiency, activation of cytolytic and auto aggressive reactions. As a result of these processes, systemic and organ pathology develops, in particular, weakening of the body's resistance to various infections and pathological changes in organs and tissues, which may be one of the links in the development of pathological processes in internal organs and tissues.
Pedagogical aspects of the impact of smoking on the human body based on radiographic density indicators of maxillary sinus bone walls
(Georgia-US, 2023) Shiyan, Denis; Trach, Olga; Sosonna, Liliia; Yurevych, Nadiia; Chekhovska, Ganna; Malieiev, Denys; Alekseeva, Victoriia; Gargin, Vitaliy
The most effective process of quitting smoking can be achieved through precise and complete identification of the adverse effects on the human body.
Quality of Training for Students of Higher Medical Education During Martial Law
(Institute of Higher Education of the NAESU; NEO Ukraine, 2025) Shyian, Denis; Hyria, Maryna; Kudriavtseva, Tetiana; Zhemela, Olga
The article identifies conceptual directions for improving the quality of medical education under martial law based on the Bologna Process. The experience of Kharkiv International Medical University (KhIMU) in implementing the Internal Quality Assurance System (IQAS) is analyzed. The study highlights the importance of academic freedom, student-centered learning, and the use of simulation centers and clinical bases. Special attention is paid to the digital transformation of education, the unified database of educational components, and the fostering of academic integrity culture among future doctors.
Reactions of the body, which occur only during sports
(2022) Grinko, V.; Kudelko, V.
By logic, sport should improve well-being - but this is not always the case. The first mention of the relationship between allergies and exercise appeared in 1979, when the first recorded case occurred. One hour before the start of the long-distance race, one of the athletes ate oysters, triggering an attack shortly after the race began. It all started with redness of the face, then there was swelling, urticarial and itching, and then there was airway obstruction. It is known that doctors then gave the runner adrenaline and recommended not to eat oysters before and after training. Since then, science has begun to study this phenomenon, but has not made much progress in studying the issue. Meanwhile, such incidents occur a lot - about 5-15% of cases of acute allergic reactions are caused by exercise. Let us try to understand why this happens.
The study of key aspects of the professional activity of a clinical pharmacist to create a job description on a competency-based approach
(2024) Zarichkova, M.V.; Mishyna, I.Y.; Dolzhnikova, O.M.; Nessonova, M.M.
Aim. To study the attitude of experts to various aspects of the professional activity of a clinical pharmacist (CP) and determine the current requirements for professional competencies necessary for the effective performance of duties in modern conditions, with further consideration of the results when developing a job description on a competence-based approach. Materials and methods. The survey methods, analysis and synthesis, as well as formal-logical, semantic, comparative, and systematic methods were used in the study. The data was analyzed using Microsoft Office Excel, Epitools (Ausvet Ltd., Australia), and STATISTICA 13 (TIBCO Software Inc., USA). Results. The significance of CP job functions, workplace requirements, documentation and reporting has been assessed. The study has confirmed the need to update professional competencies in accordance with changes in legislation and current challenges, especially under martial law conditions. Regulatory documents governing CP activities have been identified, and attention has been focused on professional development, rights, duties, and responsibilities. The key documents for the Infection Control Department (ICD) have been highlighted, and the importance of standard operating procedures (SOP) has been evaluated. The issues related to the medical staff consulting, performing duties outside the hospital, communication barriers with the healthcare personnel, and the assessment of key performance indicators (KPI) have been studied. Conclusions. The study has confirmed the expansion of CP’s professional responsibilities, in particular in the field of the rational use of antimicrobial agents (AMA), drug monitoring, and the medical staff consulting. The key professional competencies have been defined, including AMA therapy management, compliance with SOP, and maintenance of relevant documentation. The main professional development activities identified are continuous professional development (CPD) initiatives, such as simulation training and practical skills training, as well as advanced training courses in thematic improvement and specialization. Based on the study, a job description for CP has been developed, and it meets modern standards and contributes to improving the CP efficiency in healthcare institutions.
Theory and practice of organizing blended learning of philologists students in institutions of higher education
(European institute of further education, 2023) Davydova, Zhanna
The article is aimed at solving the problem of improving the information competence of international students in the educational environment of the university. The purpose of the article is to theoretically analyze the concept of the educational environment and to substantiate the fundamentals of building the relevant educational environment that has an impact on formation of information competence of international medical students. Such theoretical methods were used in the research: specific philosophical, psychological, educational, scientific and methodical literature analysis and the experimental methods were used to provide practical realization of the developed didactic system. In the process of study the structure of the educational environment was disclosed that includes such components: the spatial-semantic component, the content-based and technological component, the organizational and communicative component. The content of each component was substantiated in the context of information competence formation in international medical students. Practical implementation of the results obtained is presented. Further research is aimed at input and output data analysis on the impact of the didactic system on the level of information competence formation.

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