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Цитокіндетерміновані механізми патоморфологічної реалізації гастроезофагеальної рефлюксної хвороби на тлі автоімунного тиреоїдиту в осіб молодого віку
(2024) Железнякова, Н.М.; Бочарова, Т.В.; Пасієшвілі, Л.М.; Пасієшвілі, Т.М.
Peculiarities of the clinical picture and diagnosis of dirofilariasis in the maxillofacial area: a series of cases from practice
(2024) Buniatian, Khristina; Khotimska, Yulia; Kovach, Ilona; Yaroslavska, Yulia; Bondarenko, Olena; Nazaryan, Rosana
Dirofilariasis is a helminthiasis that occurs in carnivorous animals (dogs, cats, foxes, wolves, etc.) and less often in humans, although according to some authors it is believed that the number of infected animals approximately corresponds to the number of infected people. Dirofilariasis of the maxillofacial area is not a widespread condition, its cases are described in short series, therefore, the aim of this work is to share our own experience of managing patients with this rare condition.The work presents our own experience in the management of 14 dirofilariasis patients with lesions of the maxillofacial area, of them there are 3 men and 11 women aged 29 to 54. Most patients sought help in the late autumn, winter and spring periods and only 2 people in the summer period. All patients were examined by a dentist, and an ultrasound examination of the area with a formation was performed. According to the clinical manifestations, the disease began acutely in nine patients and had a picture of inflamed atheroma (2 – in the zygomatic area, 1 – in the parotid, 2 – in the infraorbital area, 2 – in the temporal area, and 2 – in the area of the nasal bridge). All patients were operated on and tumor-like formations in dense membranes were removed, inside which one live nematode 11-18 cm long was found. In 3 observations, fragments of dead, partially lysed nematodes were removed from the oral cavity, the capsules of which imitated a migrating granuloma. According to the location – 5 capsules with dirofilaria were located in the subcutaneous fatty tissue, 3 – in the submucosal layer of the gums fused to the periosteum of the upper jaw, 1 – in the submucous layer of the lower jaw, 2 – in the fibers of the temporalis muscle and 1 – in the fibers of the buccal muscle. In each case, the localization of the nematode was close to the places of accumulation of adipose tissue or large blood vessels. In the postoperative period complex therapy was prescribed, including symptomatic anti-inflammatory and desensitizing agents, and consultation with infectionist was recommended. Thus, according to our observations, dirofilariasis most often affects areas of the face in which there are large vessels and accumulation of fatty tissue. In connection with the prevalence of dirofilariosis in humans and the predominant localization of parasitic infection in the face area, dentists, ophthalmologists and otolaryngologists need to be familiar with this pathology and show definite vigilance. Treatment dirofilariosis patients should be carried out comprehensively, together with parasitologists, with surgical excision of the lesion and appropriate drug therapy.
Variant anatomy of the maxillary sinus based on multispiral computed tomography data (msct)
(2024) Sosonna, L.; Yurevych, N.; Lupyr, M.; Babiy, L.; Kysylenko, K.; Kachailo, I.; Narbutova, T.; Borisenko, Ye.; Baiazitov, D.; Alekseeva, V
The structural features of the paranasal sinuses play a key role in the development of pathological processes within them. The aim of our study was to examine the variations in the anatomical structure of the maxillary sinus based on MSCT data.
Anatomical variability of the alveolar process of the maxilla based on multislice computed tomography data
(2024) Shiyan, D.; Kysylenko, K.; Trach, O.; Yurevych, N.; Lupyr, M.; Alekseeva, V.
Modern research methods, widely implemented in routine medical practice, open new horizons for the study of anatomical structures. The maxilla is one of the regions of the human skull that shows significant variability with age and gender. This is due to the peculiarities of tooth eruption and age-related changes in the periodontium and adjacent structures, which undoubtedly affect the structure of the alveolar process, sometimes drastically altering it over time.
The influence of the demodex mite on the morphological picture of eyelid papilloma
(2024) Artemov, О.; Lytvynenko, М.; Chumachenko, I.; Bondarenko, A.; Dotsenko, N.; Ostapchuk, K.; Koshelnyk, O.; Gargin, V.
Aim: The aim of work is description of new observations related to the participation of demodex in tumor morphogenesis with goal to study the example of eyelid papilloma, imagine the connection between the presence of the demodex mite and certain changes in the typical histomorphological picture of the neoplasm. Materials and methods: Histomorphological examination covers biopsy and operative material of eye pathology with diagnosis of neoplasm (eyelid papilloma and actinic keratosis (senile keratosis, senile keratoma, solar keratosis)) were selected, with special attention paid to the presence of horn cysts. Agile methodologies were employed to manage the research workflow effectively. Results: As a result of the conducted histomorphological examination, in 24 cases (48%), patterns pathognomonic for demodectic infection were found. Such patterns, which could indicate the presence of a demodex mite, were cystic formations, as well as fragments of a dead parasite. We noted their presence not only in the tumor tissue, but also in the adjacent hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and subepidermal stroma. It is no coincidence that the authors who previously noted the presence of pigmented elements in keratopapillomas or seborrheic keratomas could not explain their origin, resorting to putting forward such fantastic assumptions as the presence of "symbiosis of melanoblasts and epithelial cells, which ensures the transfer of pigment from the first to the second". Conclusions: Histomorphological study of serial sections allows us to see the successive stages of transformation of cavity intratissue defects created by the activity of the mite into horn cysts. Cavity defects are the main evidence of demodectic infestation. They occur in basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas, xanthomas, sebaceous adenomas, etc. tumors of the eyelids, but only in keratoacanthomas and senile keratomas they can turn into corneal cysts, which can be assumed to be due to the differentiating potential of these neoplasms.

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