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The influence of the demodex mite on the morphological picture of eyelid papilloma
(2024) Artemov, О.; Lytvynenko, М.; Chumachenko, I.; Bondarenko, A.; Dotsenko, N.; Ostapchuk, K.; Koshelnyk, O.; Gargin, V.
Aim: The aim of work is description of new observations related to the participation of demodex in tumor morphogenesis with goal to study the example of eyelid papilloma, imagine the connection between the presence of the demodex mite and certain changes in the typical histomorphological picture of the neoplasm. Materials and methods: Histomorphological examination covers biopsy and operative material of eye pathology with diagnosis of neoplasm (eyelid papilloma and actinic keratosis (senile keratosis, senile keratoma, solar keratosis)) were selected, with special attention paid to the presence of horn cysts. Agile methodologies were employed to manage the research workflow effectively. Results: As a result of the conducted histomorphological examination, in 24 cases (48%), patterns pathognomonic for demodectic infection were found. Such patterns, which could indicate the presence of a demodex mite, were cystic formations, as well as fragments of a dead parasite. We noted their presence not only in the tumor tissue, but also in the adjacent hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and subepidermal stroma. It is no coincidence that the authors who previously noted the presence of pigmented elements in keratopapillomas or seborrheic keratomas could not explain their origin, resorting to putting forward such fantastic assumptions as the presence of "symbiosis of melanoblasts and epithelial cells, which ensures the transfer of pigment from the first to the second". Conclusions: Histomorphological study of serial sections allows us to see the successive stages of transformation of cavity intratissue defects created by the activity of the mite into horn cysts. Cavity defects are the main evidence of demodectic infestation. They occur in basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas, xanthomas, sebaceous adenomas, etc. tumors of the eyelids, but only in keratoacanthomas and senile keratomas they can turn into corneal cysts, which can be assumed to be due to the differentiating potential of these neoplasms.
Diagnostic management of patients with onychomycoses
(2025) Yurko, K.; Chekhovska, G.; Gradil, G.; Katsapov, D.; Katsapov, D.; Merkulova, N.; Mohylenets, O.; Bodnia, I.; Burma, Ya.; Tsyko, O.; Onikiienko, O.; Gargin, V.
Introduction: Onychomycosis is a fungal infection of the nail, causing discoloration and thickening of the affected nail plate, and is the most common nail infection worldwide. Microscopy and fungal culture are the gold standard techniques for onychomycosis diagnosis. At the same time, the culture method is long-term and requires significant costs. In this regard, a promising direction in laboratory diagnostics of onychomycosis is the detection of genetic markers of onychomycosis pathogens using polymerase chain reaction. The goal of current work is optimization of diagnostic care for patients with onychomycosis through the use of PCR, epiluminescent diagnostics and therapeutic agents that improve the structure of nail plates. Material and methods: The work is based on the results of observations of 343 patients with fungal lesions of the nails of the hands and feet, which were on inpatient and outpatient treatment, as well as data from laboratory and instrumental studies. Mycological examination of patients included microscopic examination of pathological material (pieces of nail fragments) and cultural study. PCR was performed using a reagent kit with primers to determine the presence of DNA specific to Trichophyton rubrum and PCR with panfungal primers. Epiluminescence surface microscopy of affected nail plates was performed. Results: After calculations using standard methods, it was determined that the sensitivity for PCR is 91.9%, for microscopy – 75.9%, for culture – only 44.3%. The specificity for PCR is 71.4%, for microscopy – 83.3%, for culture – 100.0%. The diagnostic accuracy rate for PCR was 90.3%, for microscopy – 76.3%, and for culture – 47.3%. The higher the sensitivity of the method, the more often pathological changes are detected with their help, and accordingly, the more effective it is. The excess of PCR sensitivity rates compared to microscopy by 16.0% and culture by 47.6% and the high specificity rate (71.4%) indicate the possibility of increasing the detection of patients with onychomycosis through the use of the molecular method of research. Conclusions: The proposed algorithm for managing patients and a comprehensive method of treating patients with onychomycosis, involving both antifungal agents and drugs, contributes to obtaining a timely diagnosis and prescribing therapy aimed at improving the structure of the nail plates.
Sociocultural impact on students in a stressful environment: medical and psychological aspect
(2025) Davydova, Z.; Pustova, N.; Popova, N.; Kachailo, I.; Gulbs, O.; Dikhtyarenko, S.; Lantukh, V.; Minin, M.; Torianyk, I.; Gargin, V.
In the context of increasing global academic mobility, international medical students face unique academic, cultural, and linguistic challenges that extend beyond general educational experiences. This study investigates how the language of instruction, sociocultural environment, and institutional context collectively affect learning outcomes, clinical communication skills, and well-being among mobile medical students. Through a comparative analysis of four distinct groups - based on the language of instruction and country type - this study identifies critical linguistic and psychological factors that shape educational success. Results indicate that students enrolled in English-taught programs in non-native English-speaking environments demonstrate high levels of professional comprehension and social adaptation. Conversely, students studying in unrelated national languages report lower integration and increased academic stress. Findings highlight the need for language support, intercultural training, and tailored pedagogical frameworks to ensure academic equity for future healthcare professionals.

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