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The influence of the demodex mite on the morphological picture of eyelid papilloma
(2024) Artemov, О.; Lytvynenko, М.; Chumachenko, I.; Bondarenko, A.; Dotsenko, N.; Ostapchuk, K.; Koshelnyk, O.; Gargin, V.
Aim: The aim of work is description of new observations related to the participation of demodex in tumor morphogenesis with goal to study the example of eyelid papilloma, imagine the connection between the presence of the demodex mite and certain changes in the typical histomorphological picture of the neoplasm. Materials and methods: Histomorphological examination covers biopsy and operative material of eye pathology with diagnosis of neoplasm (eyelid papilloma and actinic keratosis (senile keratosis, senile keratoma, solar keratosis)) were selected, with special attention paid to the presence of horn cysts. Agile methodologies were employed to manage the research workflow effectively. Results: As a result of the conducted histomorphological examination, in 24 cases (48%), patterns pathognomonic for demodectic infection were found. Such patterns, which could indicate the presence of a demodex mite, were cystic formations, as well as fragments of a dead parasite. We noted their presence not only in the tumor tissue, but also in the adjacent hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and subepidermal stroma. It is no coincidence that the authors who previously noted the presence of pigmented elements in keratopapillomas or seborrheic keratomas could not explain their origin, resorting to putting forward such fantastic assumptions as the presence of "symbiosis of melanoblasts and epithelial cells, which ensures the transfer of pigment from the first to the second". Conclusions: Histomorphological study of serial sections allows us to see the successive stages of transformation of cavity intratissue defects created by the activity of the mite into horn cysts. Cavity defects are the main evidence of demodectic infestation. They occur in basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas, xanthomas, sebaceous adenomas, etc. tumors of the eyelids, but only in keratoacanthomas and senile keratomas they can turn into corneal cysts, which can be assumed to be due to the differentiating potential of these neoplasms.
The significance of ischemia for the proliferative activity of the mucosa in inflammatory bowel diseases
(2022) Nakonechna, Oksana; Vyshnytska, I.; Vasylyeva, Irina; Babenko, Olha; Voitenko, Stanislav; Bondarenko, A.; Gargin, Vitaliy
The state of the microcirculatory bed remains one of the determining factors in course of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). The presence of small foci of ischemia could realize in dystrophic-necrobiotic consequences, which can also underlie the development or strengthening of the inflammatory process. Based on above, the goal of our study was to determine the impact of the development of mucosal ischemia in the colon on the activity of proliferative processes during inflammation. Materials and methods. The study was performed on 12 adult WAG rats with modeling IBD by oral administration of 2.5% solution Dextran Sulfate Sodium. Serial slides of the colon where made with stained with hematoxylin and eosin, according to Rego, immunohistochemical examination (IHC) to Ki67. Volume of ischemic area and Ki67 expression were detected. Statistical comparison was performed. Results. Inspection microscopy in the DSS experimental group determined alterative-desquamative changes in the surface epithelium and epithelium of intestinal glands (crypt); diffuse polymorphic cellular infiltration in the mucous membrane, which in some places spread to the submucosal base, that are morphological manifestations of IBD. Foci of ischemia had been detected in that group with 13.09±0.67% volume as just microfocal changes were observed in intact animals (p < 0.05). Detection of proliferative activity depending on ischemic signs was realized in different level of Ki67 expression. So, lowest level of Ki67 was estimated in mucosa above ischemia (18.06±3.33%). Most pronounced expression of Ki67 was observed in IBD group in area which no connected with ischemia and was even 57.71±4.68% (p < 0.05). Conclusions. Ki67 was strongly expressed in epithelial cells of the colon both in intact tissue and in modeling IBD with significant increasing expression more than twice in inflammatory group (p < 0.05) but spreading of activity process was uneven. Collation of slides with ICH and Rego staining realized in estimation of strong negative correlation between Ki67 expression and ischemia (r=-0.819).
Morphological peculiarities of cerebral injury in polyomavirus infection in HIV-positive individuals
(2022) Zhelezniakova, Natalia Gargin, Vitaliy; Bondarenko, A.; Katsapov, D.; Pasiieshvili, Tamara; Bocharova, Tetiana; Gargin, Vitaliy
The article presents information about the study of morphological features in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy caused by polyomavirus infection in HIV-infected individuals. A study of sectional material (the brain) was carried out. After routine proceeding and histological staining, the slides were studied under Olympus BX41 microscope, followed by a morphometric examination. According to neuroimaging methods, the presence of multiple foci in the brain may be caused by the presence of several etiological factors: JCV, BKV, EBV, T. gondii, and C. neoformans, which requires mandatory laboratory confirmation. Morphological changes in the brain in PML caused by JCV and BKV are characterized by areas of demyelinated lesions 2-3 mm in size with a tendency to merge, with significant areas of white matter affected and degenerative changes predominantly in the juxtacortical/subcortical white matter.

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